1,2-Dihydro-1-oxopyrrolo[3,2,1-kl]phenothiazine-2-carboxamides and congeners, dual cyclooxygenase/5-lipoxygenase inhibitors with antiinflammatory activity

J Med Chem. 1990 Jul;33(7):2019-24. doi: 10.1021/jm00169a035.

Abstract

A series of 1,2-dihydro-1-oxopyrrolo[3,2,1-kl]phenothiazine, 1,2-dihydro-1-oxopyrrolo[3,2,1-kl]phenoxazine, and 1,2-dihydro-1-oxopyrrolo[3,2,1-de]acridine-2-carboxamides were prepared by reaction of 1,2-dihydro-1-oxo-pyrrolo[3,2,1-kl]phenothiazine or other corresponding phenoxazine and acridan ethyl or methyl esters with appropriate amines. Several members of this family were found to be potent, dual inhibitors of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism and to have in vivo antiinflammatory activity in the rat foot edema assay. Structure-activity relationships within this family of compounds are described. 1,2-Dihydro-N-(2-thiazolyl)-1-oxopyrrolo[3,2,1-kl]phenothiazine-1- carboxamide (34) was found to be one of the best compounds to display potent cyclooxygenase/5-lipoxygenase inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism. Its IC50s against the enzymes sourced from rat basophillic leukemia-1 (RBL-1) cells were 0.07 and 1.4 microM, respectively. It was active in the rat foot edema test for antiinflammatory effect (48% inhibition at 33 mg/kg po) and in the mouse phenylbenzoquinone induced writhing test for analgesic effect (93% inhibition at 32 mg/kg po).

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / chemical synthesis*
  • Arachidonate Lipoxygenases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Arachidonic Acid
  • Arachidonic Acids / metabolism
  • Cell Line
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors*
  • Edema
  • Indicators and Reagents
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors*
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Male
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Structure
  • Prostaglandin Antagonists / chemical synthesis*
  • Pyrroles / chemical synthesis*
  • Pyrroles / pharmacology
  • Pyrroles / therapeutic use
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred Strains
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Thiazines / chemical synthesis*
  • Thiazines / pharmacology
  • Thiazines / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Arachidonic Acids
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
  • Indicators and Reagents
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors
  • Prostaglandin Antagonists
  • Pyrroles
  • Thiazines
  • Arachidonic Acid
  • Arachidonate Lipoxygenases